In 2015, the Energy Community celebrated the first ten years of its existence. Conceptually, the Energy Community establishes a new governance system for a pan-European energy space. In practice, some of the EU’s most important energy neighbours such as Ukraine or the countries in the Western Balkans have been reformed and integrated in the internal market through the Energy Community. Based on a lecture given earlier this year, this article sheds some light on the Energy Community’s experience, its achievements and challenges as well as its relevance for a future Energy Union.